Mechanical pressure atomizing fuel burner



Jufiy 1411923. I

' W. R. PURNELL MECHANICAL PRESSURE ATOMIZING FIUEL BURNER Filed June 41921 mziimmfifwma,

atented an it, was.

ra se WILLIAM R. PURNELL, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA;

EECHANICAL PRESSURE ATOMIZING FUEL BURNER.

Application filed June 4, 1921. Serial No. 475,143.

To all whom it may concern:

,Be it known that I, l VILLIAM R. PUR- HELL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Ihiladel hia, in the county of Philadelphia and tateof Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMechanical Pressure Atomizing Fuel Burners; and i do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

T his invention relates to mechanical pressure atomizing burners and hasfor its object to produce a device of this character which will besimple in construction, comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, andmore eiiicient in action than those heretofore pro osed.

ll ith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in thenovel details of construction and combinations of parts more fullyhereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to-the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification, in which like numerals designate like parts in all theviews:

Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view through the end of a fluidfuel burner made in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1,looking in' the direction of the arrows;

Figure 3 is a similar view taken on the line 33 of Figure 1, looking inthe direction of the arrows; and

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line l& of Figure 1,looking in the direction of the arrows.

1 indicates a burner pipe provided with the screw threads 2 and bore 3.The end of the said pipe is counterborcd as at 4 to provide an enlargedchamber 5 into which is adapted to fit the plug member 6. The said plugmember is provided on one end with a flange 7 adapted to abut againstthe shoulder 8 provided by the counterbore 4 and said flange is providedwith a plurality of relatively small holes 9, extending substantiallyparallel to the axis of said member. The opposite end 10 of the plugmember 8 is also somewhat enlarged as best shown in Figure 1, and 1tsflat face 11 is recessed to provide. a circular mixing chamsuch as willen-- ber 12 int which lead a plurality oftangential grooves 13, seeFigure 2. v

The surface between the enlarged end 10 and the body portion 14: of theplug member 6 is preferably inclined or beveled as indicated at 15 andthe said enlarged end is adapted to engage and be held in axialalinement by means of a plurality of lugs 16 carried by the burner tip17 which latter is provided with the screwthreads 18 adapted to engagethe threads 2 with which the burner pipe 1 is provided. The said tip 17is recessed to provide the passages 19 between the said lugs 16 and alsoto provide a chamber 20 adjacent the end of the enlarged portion 10 ofthe plug 6, see Figure 1,which chamber communicates throughthetangential grooves 13 with the whirling chamber 12, as will be readilyapparent. The said burner tip 17 is also provided with an orifice 21having a beveled portion 22 coacting with the said chamber 12, whichorifice discharges into the furnace, not shown.

A washer 23 of copper or other suitable material is preferablyinterposed between the shoulder 24 with which'the burner tip 17 isprovided and the end of the burner pipe 1, as will be clear from thedrawings, in order to afi'ord a tight joint between the parts.

The operation of the burner will be clear from the foregoing, but may bebriefly summarized as follows:

Oil under pressure from any suitable source not shown, is introducedinto the bore 3 of the burner pipe 1, passes through the relatively finepassages or holes9 in the flange 7 of the plug 6, which holes beingsubstantially parallel to the axis of flow while acting as a strainerfor the said oil do not materially impede its progress and reduce thepressure. After passing through the said strainer holes 9, the oilenters the annular chamber 5 formed by thebody portion 14 of the plugmember 6 within the bore 4, and continues through the said chamber insubstantially parallel lines until it reaches the inclined surface 15 ofthe plug member 6. It then continues its flow through the passages 19between the plug 16 and enters the annular chamber 20 within the burnertip 17 from whence it passes through the tangential grooves 13 into themixing or whirling chamber 12. Its direction of motion is here changedfrom a straight line motion to a rotary or whirling motion in the wellknown manner, and it passes from the said whirling chamber to theorifice 21 in the burner tip from whence it is discharged into thefurnace.

By the construction above described, the

fuel oil is strained within the burner upon passing through the strainerholes 9 without its pressure being materially reduced due to the factthat the said holes are substantially parallel to the direction of flow.

Furthermore, a reduction in the pressure is avoided by reason of therelatively large spaces 5, 19 and 20 around the plug, so thatsubstantially the full oil pressure which obtains within the bore 3 ofthe burner pipe 1 is maintained up to the time the oil enters thetangential grooves 13.

As will be readily apparent, this is due largely to the fact that theoil passes in substantially straight lines there being no bends orcurves around which it must pass, which would through frictionalresistance tend'to decrease the said pressure.

Again, the placing of the whirling chamber in the extreme end of theplug member 6 adjacent the orifice 21 which orifice is provided with thebeveled portion 22, which in efi'ect constitutes a portion of the saidwhirling chamber when the parts are assembled produces a high speed ofrotation of the oil, resulting in a finer atomization than is producedby the burners heretofore proposed.

By varying the dimensions of the various passages and chambers, as wellas the angles thereof. it is possible to change the degree ofatomization as well as the angle of spray which is discharged from theorifice; 21 to,

suit varying operating conditions.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofconstruction as well as the arrangement of parts without departing fromthe spirit of the invention, and therefore I do not wish to be limitedto the above disclosure except as may be required.

by the claims.

mat Iclaim is:

1. In a mechanical pressure atomizing fuel burner the combination of aburner pipe provided with a chamber; a tip member provided with arecesshaving lugs and a passage between said lugs and with an orificecommunicating with said recess, secured to said pipe; and a lug memberprovided with an enlarged end portion having a circular recessconstituting a whirling chamber, and a passage tangential to theperiphery of said circular recess, communicating with said firstmentioned recess, said lugs being adapted to engage said enlarged endportion to position said plug member and said plug member also providedwith a plurality of passages disposed parallel to the aXlS of saldpipeand entering said chamber from said pipe, substantially as described.

menses 2. In a mechanical pressure atomizing fuel burner the combinationof a burner pipe; aplug member provided with a plurality of strainingholes disposed with their axes substantially parallel to the axis ofsaid member; and a tip member provided with passages engaging said plugmember and pipe, and adapted to maintain said plug member in positionwith respect to said pipe, said plug also provided with a circularchamber and tangentially dis osed passages leading from said first namepassages into said chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a mechanical pressure atomizing fuel burner thecombination of aburner pipe having a bore provided with a chamber; a plug memberentering said bore and provided with a flange having a plurality ofstrainin holes disposed with their axes substantial y parallel to theaxis of said said circular cham r, substantially as described.

4. In a mechanical pressure atomizing fuel burner the combination of aburner pipe having a bore and a counterbore formmg a chamber having ashoulder; a plug member provided with a 'flange adapted to enter saidcounterbore and engage said shoulder, said flange having a lurality ofstraining holes entering said 0 amber and disposed with their axessubstantially parallel to the axis of said member; a tip member providedwith an exit orifice and with a recess having lugs and straight passagesadapted to engage said plug member to position and hold its flangeagainst said shoulder; said plug member having a circular chamberopposite said orifice and tangentially disposed passages leading fromsaid straight passages to said circular chamber, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a mechanical pressure atomizin fuel burner the combination of aburner pipe having a bore and a counterbore forming a chamber and ashoulder; aplug member provided with a'flange' adapted to enter saidcounterbore and engage said shoulder, said flange having a plurality ofstraining holes entering said chamber and dis posed with their axessubstantially parallel to the axis of said bore, said plug member beingalso provided with a recess constituting a whirling chamber and with a.passage communicating therewith; and a tipmem ber provided with anorifice adapted to coact with said chamber, and with a recess allel tothe axis of said member, said plug having lugs with beveled rearportions and member being also provided with an enstraight passagesbetween said lugs, adaptlarged end portion having a circular recess edto engage said plug member to osition constituting a whirling chamber,and with 5 and hold its flange against said siioulder, a tangentialpassage communicating theresubstantially as described. with; a tipmember provided with an ori- 6. In. a mechanical pressure atomizing ficeadapted to coact with said whirlin fuel burner the combination ofaburner chamber, and with a, recess having lugs wit ipe having a bore anda counterbore f0rm-, beveled rear ends, adapted to engage said 10 mg achamber and a shoulder; a plug memplug member to position and hold itsflange ber provided with a flange adapted to enter against saidshoulder; and a washer memsaid counterbore and engage said shoulder, berinterposed between said tip member and said flange having a plurality ofstraining said pipe, substantially as described.

holes connecting said pipe and chamber and In testimony whereof I aflixm si nature.

1 disposed with their axes substantially pan WILLIAM R. P RN LL.

